The WARC Ecosystem
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Everything about the WARC format and the tools that support it.
Information
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_ARChive
- https://webarchive.jira.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=4817 - Contains examples of WARC records
- http://www.archiveteam.org/index.php?title=Wget_with_WARC_output
- ISO 28500 - The WARC File Format
- http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/fdd000236.shtml
- http://www.netpreserve.org/resources/warc-implementation-guidelines-v1 http://www.netpreserve.org/sites/default/files/resources/WARC_Guidelines_v1.pdf
Tools
name
1 license 2 programming language 3 test suite 4 has documentation 5 # of authors 6 description
wget v1.14+
* GPL v3+ * C * Has a test suite but does not test any warc functionality * Man pages, website, blog posts all over the net * 2+ according to the changelog * A non-interactive network downloader. wget also generates duplicate record ids in warc files.
warc python library
* GPL v2 * Python * looks to have a test suite - https://github.com/internetarchive/warc/blob/master/warc/tests/test_warc.py * A readme with examples online at http://warc.readthedocs.org/en/latest/ * 3 commiters on github * library to work with WARC files
WarcProxy
* BSD * python * NO TEST SUITE * A readme file. * 1 author * a simple HTTP proxy that saves all HTTP traffic to a file
warc-tools
* MIT License * python 2.6 * NO TEST SUITE * A readme file * 4 commiters * warc validator, dump, search, index, convert arc to warc
WARC viewer
* no license information * python * NO TEST SUITE * A readme file * 1 author * WARC viewer for browsing the contents of a WARC file. - needs a firefox addon installed to work
Megawarc
* no license information * python * NO TEST SUITE * A readme file * 1 author * Merge many small warcs into a large one
Checks if WARC files can be un-gzipped before adding them to the megawarc. Does not check anything else.
warc to zip
* no license information * python * NO TEST SUITE * A readme file * 1 author * An HTTP-based warc-to-zip converter
warcat
* GPL v3 * Python 3 * yes * A readme file. * 1 author * Web ARChive (WARC) Archiving Tool
https://github.com/internetarchive/ia-web-commons
https://github.com/internetarchive/ia-hadoop-tools
Archive Team megawarc factory
* no license information * Bash shell scripting * NO TEST SUITE * A readme file. * 1 author * Generates 50gb warc files from existing warc files
Uploads to archive.org
CDX Writer
* no license information * python * Has a test suite * A readme file. * 1 author * Create CDX index files from WARC files.
Heritrix
* Apache v2.0 * java * Has a test suite * javadoc, website * many authors * Heritrix is the Internet Archive's open-source, extensible, web-scale, archival-quality web crawler project.
Deprecated
- http://archive-access.sourceforge.net/warc/ - bunch of docs
- https://code.google.com/p/warc-tools/ - Old, discontinued shit
- https://github.com/internetarchive/archive-commons - split into 2 new repos: ia-web-commons & ia-hadoop-tools
The WARC format
- A .warc file is usually a group of one or more WARC records.
- The first record usually describes the records to follow.
- compression is optional
- each record is compressed via gzip. A gzip file supports multiple "members"
- compressed warcs end in .warc.gz
- According to the guidelines warc files should top out at 1gb
WARC record
- header
- content block
- two newlines
WARC record header
The beginning of a WARC record, consisting of one first line declaring the record to be in the WARC format with a given version number, followed by lines of named fields up to a blank line. The WARC record header format largely follows the tradition of HTTP/1.1 [RFC2616] and [RFC2822] headers, with one major exception, allowing UTF-8 [RFC3629].
Example of a 'request' record header:
WARC/1.0 WARC-Type: request WARC-Target-URI: http://xbox.gamespy.com/ Content-Type: application/http;msgtype=request WARC-Date: 2013-04-02T16:12:40Z WARC-Record-ID: <urn:uuid:08d9edb9-0ab8-4352-ba56-6cbbd590f34f> WARC-IP-Address: 213.248.112.146 WARC-Warcinfo-ID: <urn:uuid:2b6ad3f1-efab-4e37-8faa-fc8ad112692f> WARC-Block-Digest: sha1:T6PJSZTTP7HBNA6OFZACXAFK25GGLVT4 Content-Length: 150
WARC named fields
- A set of elements consisting of a name, a colon, and a value, with long values continued on indented lines.
- Named fields may appear in any order.
- Field values may contain any UTF-8 character.
- The 'encoded-word' mechanism of [RFC2047] may also be used when writing WARC fields and shall also be understood by WARC reading software.
WARC content block
Part (zero or more octets) of a WARC record that follows the header and that forms the main body of a WARC record.